Let Us C – Yashavant P. Kanetkar – 5th Edition

1. Getting Started
• What is C
• Getting Started with C
• The C Character Set
• Constants, Variables and Keywords
• Types of C Constants
• Rules for Constructing Integer Constants
• Rules for Constructing Real Constants
• Rules for Constructing Character Constants
• Types of C Variables
• Rules for Constructing Variable Names
• C Keywords
• The First C Program
• Compilation and Execution
• Receiving Input
• C Instructions
• Type Declaration Instruction
• Arithmetic Instruction
• Integer and Float Conversions
• Type Conversion in Assignments
• Hierarchy of Operations
• Associativity of Operators
• Control Instructions in C
• Summary
• Exercise
2. The Decision Control Structure
• Decisions! Decisions!
• The if Statement
• The Real Thing
• Multiple Statements within if
• The if-else Statement
• Nested if-elses
• Forms of if
• Use of Logical Operators
• The else if Clause
• The ! Operator
• Hierarchy of Operators Revisited
• A Word of Caution
• The Conditional Operators
• Summary
• Exercise
3. The Loop Control Structure
• Loops
• The while Loop
• Tips and Traps
• More Operators
• The for Loop
• Nesting of Loops
• Multiple Initialisations in the for Loop
• The Odd Loop
• The break Statement
• The continue Statement
• The do-while Loop
• Summary
• Exercise
4. The Case Control Structure
• Decisions Using switch
• The Tips and Traps
• switch Versus if-else Ladder
• The goto Keyword
• Summary
• Exercise
5. Functions & Pointers
• What is a Function
• Why Use Functions
• Passing Values between Functions
• Scope Rule of Functions
• Calling Convention
• One Dicey Issue
• Advanced Features of Functions
• Function Declaration and Prototypes
• Call by Value and Call by Reference
• An Introduction to Pointers
• Pointer Notation
• Back to Function Calls
• Conclusions
• Recursion
• Recursion and Stack
• Adding Functions to the Library
• Summary
• Exercise
6. Data Types Revisited
• Integers, long and short
• Integers, signed and unsigned
• Chars, signed and unsigned
• Floats and Doubles
• A Few More Issues…
• Storage Classes in C
o Automatic Storage Class
o Register Storage Class
o Static Storage Class
o External Storage Class
• Which to Use When
• Summary
• Exercise
7. The C Preprocessor
• Features of C Preprocessor
• Macro Expansion
• Macros with Arguments
• Macros versus Functions
• File Inclusion
• Conditional Compilation
• #if and #elif Directives
• Miscellaneous Directives
• #undef Directive
• #pragma Directive
• Summary
• Exercise
8. Arrays
• What are Arrays
• A Simple Program Using Array
• More on Arrays
• Array Initialization
• Bounds Checking
• Passing Array Elements to a Function
• Pointers and Arrays
• Passing an Entire Array to a Function
• The Real Thing
• Two Dimensional Arrays
• Initializing a 2-Dimensional Array
• Memory Map of a 2-Dimensional Array
• Pointers and 2-Dimensional Arrays
• Pointer to an Array
• Passing 2-D array to a Function
• Array of Pointers
• Three Dimensional Array
• Summary
• Exercise
9. Puppetting On Strings
• What are Strings
• More about Strings
• Pointers and Strings
• Standard Library String Functions
o strlen( )
o strcpy( )
o strcat( )
o strcmp( )
• Two-Dimensional Array of Characters
• Array of Pointers to Strings
• Limitation of Array of Pointers to Strings
• Solution
• Summary
• Exercise
10. Structures
• Why Use Structures
• Declaring a Structure
• Accessing Structure Elements
• How Structure Elements are Stored
• Array of Structures
• Additional Features of Structures
• Uses of Structures
• Summary
• Exercise
11. Console Input/Output
• Types of I/O
• Console I/O Functions
• Formatted Console I/O Functions
o sprintf( ) and sscanf( )
• Unformatted Console I/O Functions
• Summary
• Exercise
12. File Input/Output
• Data Organization
• File Operations
• Opening a File
• Reading from a File
• Trouble in Opening a File
• Closing the File
• Counting Characters, Tabs, Spaces…
• A File-copy Program
• Writing to a File
• File Opening Modes
• String (line) I/O in Files
• The Awkward Newline
• Record I/O in Files
• Text Files and Binary Files
• Record I/O Revisited
• Database Management
• Low Level Disk I/O
• A Low Level File-copy Program
• I/O Under Windows
• Summary
• Exercise
13. More Issues In Input/Output
• Using argc and argv
• Detecting Errors in Reading/Writing
• Standard I/O Devices
• I/O Redirection
o Redirecting the Output
o Redirecting the Input
o Both Ways at Once
• Summary
• Exercise
14. Operations On Bits
• Bitwise Operators
• One’s Complement Operator
• Right Shift Operator
• Left Shift Operator
• Bitwise AND Operator
• Bitwise OR Operator
• Bitwise XOR Operator
• The showbits( ) Function
• Summary
• Exercise
15. Miscellaneous Features
• Enumerated Data Type
• Uses of Enumerated Data Type
• Renaming Data Types with typedef
• Typecasting
• Bit Fields
• Pointers to Functions
• Functions Returning Pointers
• Functions with Variable Number of Arguments
• Unions
• Union of Structures
• Summary
• Exercise
16. C Under Windows
• Which Windows…
• Integers
• The Use of typedef
• Pointers in the 32-bit World
• Memory Management
• Device Access
• DOS Programming Model
• Windows Programming Model
• Event Driven Model
• Windows Programming, a Closer Look
• The First Windows Program
• Hungarian Notation
• Summary
• Exercise
17. Windows Programming
• The Role of a Message Box
• Here Comes the window…
• More Windows
• A Real-World Window
• Creation and Displaying of Window
• Interaction with Window
• Reacting to Messages
• Program Instances
• Summary
• Exercise
18. Graphics Under Windows
• Graphics as of Now
• Device Independent Drawing
• Hello Windows
• Drawing Shapes
• Types of Pens
• Types of Brushes
• Code and Resources
• Freehand Drawing, the Paintbrush Style
• Capturing the Mouse
• Device Context, a Closer Look
• Displaying a Bitmap
• Animation at Work
• WM_CREATE and OnCreate( )
• WM_TIMER and OnTimer( )
• A Few More Points…
• Windows, the Endless World…
• Summary
• Exercise
19. Interaction With Hardware
• Hardware Interaction
• Hardware Interaction, DOS Perspective
• Hardware Interaction, Windows Perspective
• Communication with Storage Devices
• The ReadSector( ) Function
• Accessing Other Storage Devices
• Communication with Keyboard
• Dynamic Linking
• Windows Hooks
• Caps Locked, Permanently
• Did You Press It Twice…
• Mangling Keys
• KeyLogger
• Where is This Leading
• Summary
• Exercise
20. C Under Linux
• What is Linux
• C Programming Under Linux
• The ‘Hello Linux’ Program
• Processes
• Parent and Child Processes
• More Processes
• Zombies and Orphans
• One Interesting Fact
• Summary
• Exercise
21. More Linux Programming
• Communication using Signals
• Handling Multiple Signals
• Registering a Common Handler
• Blocking Signals
• Event Driven Programming
• Where Do You Go From Here
• Summary
• Exercise
Appendices
• Appendix A – Precedence Table
• Appendix B – Standard Library Functions
• Appendix C – Chasing the Bugs
• Appendix D – Hexadecimal Numbering
• Appendix E – ASCII Chart
• Appendix F – Helper.h File
• Appendix G – Boot Parameters
• Appendix H – Linux Installation
Index