CHAPTER 1. Introduction Case Study: The Future Beckons
History of Electric Power Systems
Present and Future Trends
Electric Utility Industry Structure
Computers in Power System Engineering
PowerWorld Simulator
CHAPTER 2. Fundamentals Case Study: Distributed Generation - Semantic Hype or the Dawn of a New Era
Phasors
Instantaneous Power in Single-Phase ac Circuits
Complex Power
Network Equations
Balanced Three-Phase Circuits
Power in Balanced Three-Phase Circuits
Advantages of Balanced Three-Phase vs. Single-Phase Systems
CHAPTER 3. Power Transformers Case Study: Life Extension and Condition Assessment
The Ideal Transformer
Equivalent Circuits for Practical Transformers
The Per-Unit System
Three-Phase Transformer Connections and Phase Shift
Per-Unit Equivalent Circuits of Balanced Three-Phase Two-Winding Transformers
Three-Winding Transformers
Autotransformers
Transformers with Off-Nominal Turns Ratios
CHAPTER 4. Transmission-Line Parameters Case Study: Transmission Line Conductor Design Comes of Age
Case Study: Mammoth 765-kV Project
Transmission Line Design Considerations
Resistance
Conductance
Inductance: Solid Cylindrical Conductor
Inductance: Single-Phase Two Wire Line and Three-Phase Three-Wire Line with Equal Phase Spacing
Inductance: Composite Conductors, Unequal Phase Spacing, Bundled Conductors
Series Impedances: Three-Phase Line with Neutral Conductors and Earth Return
Electric Field and Voltage: Solid Cylindrical Conductor
Capacitance: Single-Phase Two Wire Line and Three-Phase Three-Wire Line with Equal Phase Spacing . Capacitance: Stranded Conductors, Unequal Phase Spacing, Bundled Conductors
Shunt Admittances: Lines with Neutral Conductors and Earth Return
Electric Field Strength at Conductor Surfaces and at Ground Level
Parallel Circuit Three-Phase Lines
CHAPTER 5. Transmission Lines: Steady-State Operation Case Study: The FACTS on Resolving Transmission Gridlock
Medium and Short Line Approximations
Transmission-Line Differential Equations
Equivalent ð Circuit
Lossless Lines
Maximum Power Flow
Line Loadability
Reactive Compensation Techniques
CHAPTER 6. Power Flows Case Study: Visualizing the Electric Grid
Direct Solutions to Linear Algebraic Equations: Gauss Elimination
Iterative Solutions to Linear Algebraic Equations: Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel
Iterative Solutions to nonlinear Algebraic Equations: Newton-Raphson
The Power-Flow Problem
Power-Flow Solution by Gauss-Seidel
Power-Flow Solution by Newton-Raphson
Control of Power Flow
Sparsity Techniques
Fast Decoupled Power Flow
Design Projects
CHAPTER 7. Symmetrical Faults Case Study: The Problem of Arcing Faults in Low-Voltage Power Distribution Systems
Series R-L Circuit Transients
Three-Phase Short Circuit - Unloaded Synchronous Machine
Power System Three-Phase Short Circuits
Bus Impedance Matrix
Circuit Breaker and Fuse Selection
Design Project
CHAPTER 8. Symmetrical Components Definition of symmetrical Components
Sequence Networks of Impedance Loads
Sequence Networks of Series Impedances
Sequence Networks of Three-Phase Lines
Sequence Networks of Rotating Machines
Per-Unit Sequence Models of Three-Phase Two-Winding Transformers
Per-Unit Sequence Models of Three-Phase Three-Winding Transformers
Power in Sequence Networks
CHAPTER 9. Unsymmetrical Faults Case Study: Fires at U.S. Utilities
System Representation
Single Line-to-Ground Fault
Line-to-Line Fault
Double Line-to-Ground Fault
Sequence Bus Impedance Matrices
Design Projects
CHAPTER 10. System Protection Case Study: Blackouts and Relaying Considerations
System Protection Components
Instrument Transformers
Overcurrent Relays
Radial System Protection
Reclosers and Fuses
Directional Relays
Protection of Two-Source System with Directional Relays
Zones of Protection
Line Protection with Impedance (Distance) Relays
Differential relays
Bus Protection with Differential Relays
transformer Protection with Differential relays
Pilot Relaying
Digital Relaying
CHAPTER 11. Power System Controls Case Study: Transmission System Planning: The Old World Meets the New
Case Study: Overcoming Restoration Challenges Associated with Major Power System Disturbances: Restoration from Cascading Failures
Generator-Voltage Control
Turbine-Governor Control
Load-Frequency Control
Economic Dispatch
Optimal Power Flow
CHAPTER 12. Transmission Lines: Transient Operation Case Study: VariSTAR Type AZE Surge Arresters
Case Study: WACS - Wide Area Stability and Voltage Control System: R&D Online Demonstration
Traveling Waves on Single-Phase Lossless Lines
Boundary Conditions for Single-Phase Lossless Lines
Bewley Lattice Diagram
Discrete-Time Models of Single-Phase Lossless Lines and Lumped RLC Elements
Lossy Lines
Multiconductor Lines
Power System Overvoltages
Insulation Coordination
CHAPTER 13. Transient Stability Case Study: Causes of the 14 august Blackout
Case Study: Real-Time Dynamic Security Assessment: Fast Simulation and Modeling Applied to Emergency Outage Security of the Electric Grid
The Swing Equation
Simplified Synchronous Machine Model and System Equivalents
The Equal-Area Criterion
Numerical Integration of the Swing Equation
Multimachine Stability
Design Methods for Improving Transient Stability
Appendix
Index
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